The U.S. Antarctic Program, managed by the National Science Foundation, maintains three year-round stations in Antarctica, including McMurdo Station, established in 1956 by the U.S. Navy and an operational hub and logistics center for research on the continent. McMurdo is located on volcanic Ross Island in the southwest corner of the Ross Sea, with a population that ranges over the year from roughly 230 to about 900 people. McMurdo contains more than 80 buildings, and supports research in aeronomy, astrophysics and geospace sciences, biology and ecosystems, geology and geophysics, glaciology, and oceanography.
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