How we use 'would not have' with 'if' - the 3rd conditional tense.

This tense is called the 3rd conditional tense and is used to talk about the past. It’s used to describe a situation that didn’t happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
The 3rd conditional requires us to construct a sentence in two parts.
We make the third conditional by using ‘if,’ the past perfect form of the verb in the first part of the sentence and then ‘would have’ and the past participle the second part of the sentence:

if + past perfect, …would + have + past participle
It is not important which part of the sentence comes first.
She would not have burnt the shirt if she hadn't been so distracted.

If he had studied, he would have passed the exam (but, really we know he didn’t study and therefore he didn’t pass)
If I hadn’t spent so much money last weekend, I wouldn’t have been so poor this week. (but I did spend a lot, and so I did become poor).
If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the plane (but we did not take a taxi, and we did miss the plane)

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